Soybean (Glycine max L) seed quality treated with timbó (Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil) seed coat / Qualidade de sementes de soja (Glycine max L) tratadas com diasporo do tegumento de sementes de timbó (Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of timbó seed coat on the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds. Timbó seeds were collected from mature fruits in the Cerrado. The external layer of the seed coat was removed and crushed in a mill and used in the treatment of soybean seeds. Three lots of soybean seeds were used, from high, medium and low vigor seeds. The treatments were: powder; gel; hydroalcoholic extract; synthetic fungicide (Vitavax® - Thiram 200 sc), and untreated seeds. The physiological quality of the soybean seeds was determined by standard germination, accelerated aging, length, fresh and dry mass of seedlings. Blotter test was used to determine the sanitary quality. The statistical analyze used was a completely randomized 3 × 5 factorial design, considering three seed lots and five treatments. Treatment with the coat seed extract and gel improves the physiological quality of soybean seeds from low vigor lots. The treatment of seeds with gel decreases the incidence of Fusarium and Penicillium genus; and treatment with the powder reduced the incidence of the Cercospora genus.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tegumento das sementes de timbó sobre a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de soja. As sementes de timbó foram coletadas de frutos maduros, no Cerrado. A camada mais externa do tegumento das sementes foi retirada e triturada em moinho e utilizada no tratamento de sementes de soja. Foram utilizados três lotes de sementes de soja, provenientes de sementes de alto, médio e baixo vigor. Os tratamentos foram: pó, gel, extrato hidroalcoólico; fungicida sintético (Vitavax® - Thiram 200 sc) e sementes não tratadas. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes de soja foi determinada pelo teste padrão de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento, massa fresca e seca de plântulas. Para a determinação da qualidade sanitária utilizou-se o teste de borrão (blotter test). O delineamento estatístico foi em esquema fatorial 3 × 5, inteiramente casualizado, considerando-se três lotes de sementes e cinco tratamentos. Os tratamentos com o extrato e o gel do tegumento das sementes de timbó melhoraram a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de soja provenientes de lotes de baixo vigor. O tratamento com gel do tegumento das sementes de timbó diminuiu a incidência de fungos dos gêneros Fusarium e Penicillium; e o tratamento com o pó reduziu a incidência do gênero Cercospora.(AU)

Application of active films with natural extract for beef hamburger preservation / Aplicação de filmes ativos com extrato natural para preservação de hambúrguer de carne bovina

ABSTRACT: Edible chitosan-based films, in pure form (CH100), or blended with gelatin (GEL50:CH50), with and without boldo extract (B) were prepared. The oxygen permeability of the films, as well as color changes and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities on beef hamburgers samples were evaluated. CH100+B film exhibited optimal oxygen barrier properties (6.40±0.170cc-mL/[m²-day]), and this value was significantly increased in blended films (GEL50:CH50+B = 12.99±1.50cc-mL/[m²-day]) (P<0.05). All films provoked color changes in hamburger samples during storage, and the samples covered with CH100+B film showed a lower brightness and a higher redness. All films effectively protected beef hamburger from lipid oxidation, and boldo extract incorporation in pure and blended films enabled significant protection, when compared to the control sample (155.78±0.85meq O2/kg) (P<0.05). Finally, all films proved to be effective in microbial growth control, suggesting that these films are an effective alternative in improving food safety and quality of fresh meat.

RESUMO: Filmes comestíveis à base de quitosana, na forma pura (CH100), ou misturados com gelatina (GEL50:CH50), com e sem extrato de boldo (B), foram preparados. Avaliou-se a permeabilidade ao oxigênio dos filmes, assim como mudanças de cor e atividades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas sob amostras de hambúrguer de carne bovina. Filmes de CH100+B exibiram ótimas propriedades de barreira ao oxigênio (6,40±0,170cc-mL/[m²-dia]), e este valor foi significativamente aumentado em filmes mistos (GEL50:CH50+B = 12,99±1,50cc-mL/[m²-dia]) (P<0,05). Todos os filmes provocaram mudanças de cor nas amostras de hambúrgueres durante o armazenamento, apresentando as amostras cobertas com o filme CH100+B uma menor luminosidade e um maior vermelhidão. Todos os filmes protegeram efetivamente o hambúrguer de carne bovina da oxidação lipídica, e a incorporação do extrato de boldo em filmes puros e misturados possibilitou significativa proteção, quando comparada à amostra controle (155,78±0,85 meq O2/kg) (P<0,05). Finalmente, todos os filmes mostraram-se eficazes no controle do crescimento microbiano, sugerindo que estes filmes são uma alternativa eficaz para melhorar a segurança dos alimentos e a qualidade da carne fresca.

Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do extrato etanólico bruto da folha da Hymenaea martiana Hayne frente às Staphylococcus spp. e avaliação de seu potencial como desinfetante em cabras / In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Hymenaea martiana Hayne leaf on strains of Staphylococcus spp. and evaluation of its potential as a disinfectant in goats

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a ação antimicrobiana e antisséptica do extrato etanólico bruto da folha da Hymenaea martiana (Jatobá). O estudo foi realizado no Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia da UNIVASF, na cidade de Petrolina-PE. Os extratos foram preparados utilizando diferentes diluentes, sendo estes: álcool etílico absoluto e a água destilada. Em seguida, foi empregada a técnica da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (MIC) e da Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Todos os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata. A CBM média do extrato diluído em etanol foi de 358µg/µL e do extrato diluído em água destilada foi igual a 520,82µg/mL. Não houve diferença (P<0,05) quanto à inibição bacteriana para o extrato diluído em álcool etílico absoluto ou água destilada autoclavada. Ao comparar a atividade do extrato diluído em álcool etílico absoluto e a relação com a presença do gene blaZ, observou-se que os isolados negativos para o gene pesquisado apresentaram uma CBM igual a 412,3µg/mL, e, quando comparadas aos que foram positivos para o gene blaZ, que foi de 308,80µg/mL, contudo sem diferença estatística. Quanto à inibição das bactérias utilizando extrato aquoso, a atividade foi igual para as bactérias com ou sem o gene (520,82µg/mL). Desse modo, tanto o extrato diluído em álcool etílico absoluto quanto em agua destilada autoclavada demonstrou atividade antimicrobiana, sugerindo que ocorreu extração de substâncias bioativas. Em relação ao potencial antisséptico, H. martiana teve ação pareada com o cloro, contudo aquele agiu mais rapidamente, enquanto o cloro agiu de modo ideal uma hora após a aplicação; ambos os resultados destacam que o extrato etanólico bruto das folhas de H. martiana possui potencial de combate à proliferação de bactérias ambientais e infecciosas, surgindo como uma forma de prevenir a mastite.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antiseptic action of the crude ethanolic extract of Hymenaea martiana leaves. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology of UNIVASF, city of Petrolina, state o Pernambuco. The extracts were prepared using different solvents, such as absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water. Then, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) techniques were used. All assays were performed in triplicate. The average of MBC extract diluted in ethanol was 358µg/mL, and the extract diluted in distilled water was equal to 520.82µg/mL. There was no difference (P<0.05) and bacterial inhibition to extract diluted in absolute ethanol or autoclaved distilled water. Comparing the activity of the extract diluted in ethanol and the relation with the presence of blaZ gene, it was observed that the negative strains for there searched gene showed a MBC equal to 412.3µg/mL in relation to those that were positive for blaZ gene, that was 308.80µg/µL, and, however, there was no statistical difference. The bacterial inhibition activity using an aqueous extract was equal for the bacteria that had or not the blaZ gene (520.82µg/mL). Thus, the extract diluted in absolute ethanol in autoclaved distilled water as demonstrated antimicrobial activity, suggesting that occurred extraction of bioactive substances. Regarding the antiseptic potential, H. martiana had the same action of chlorine, although, this acted immediately, while the chlorine action happened properly an hour after the application. Both results pointed out that the crude ethanolic extract of H. martiana leaves has potential to combat the proliferation of environmental and infectious bacteria, emerging as a way to prevent mastitis.(AU)

Atividade antibacteriana do extrato hidroalcoólico de Punica granatum Linn. sobre Staphylococcus spp. isolados de leite bovino / Antibacterial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum Linn. on Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine milk

Mastite bovina é caraterizada por inflamação da glândula mamária, geralmente em resposta à infecção bacteriana, compromete quali-quantitativamente a produção leiteira. Este estudo objetivou verificar a atividade antibacteriana in vitro do extrato hidroalcoólico da casca da romã sobre bactérias isoladas de leite bovino. As colônias de Staphylococcus spp. foram ressuspendidas a escala 6 de MacFarland e ajustada a sua concentração por espectrofotometria UV visível na concentração de 10 mL-1. Os extratos foram avaliados em quintuplicata, em sete concentrações: de 4mg mL-1 até 0,0625 mg.mL-1. A sensibilidade dos isolados microbianos foi determinada utilizando o teste de difusão em disco e os resultados que apresentaram zonas de inibição correspondentes a valores a partir de 15 mm, foram considerados sensíveis. Os resultados foram avaliados pelo método ANOVA, teste de Tukey 5 por cento, utilizando o SISVAR 5.3 -DEX/UFLA. Adicionalmente o extrato foi avaliado quanto à atividade antioxidante, teores de fenóis e flavonoides totais. Para tanto o extrato foi diluído em sete concentrações: de 25 a 1000µg.mL-1, e avaliado em triplicata. O crescimento bacteriano foi inibido a partir da concentração de 4mg.mL-1 e a ação antioxidante foi verificada a partir de 50µg.mL-1, com valores correspondentes a 4.62 por cento, atingindo platô de 64,90 por cento na concentração de 500µg.mL-1. Na avaliação da atividade captadora de radicais, empregando o radical livre DPPH, o extrato demonstrou atividade antioxidante (IC50 por cento= 378,80µg/mL). Porém, não foi possível correlacionar a atividade antioxidante aos teores de fenóis e flavonoides. Talvez a presença de outras substâncias alcaloides e taninos presentes no extrato, possam ter sido as responsáveis pela atividade antioxidante encontrada. Conclui-se que o extrato hidroalcoólico de Punica granatum Linn. apresenta atividade antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus spp., demonstrando potencial benefício para o controle da mastite bovina.

Bovine mastitis is characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland, usually in response to bacterial infection, affecting qualitatively and quantitatively milk production. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity in vitro of the hydroalcoholic extract of the bark of the pomegranate on bacteria isolated from bovine milk. The colonies of Staphylococcus spp. were resuspended in 6 MacFarland scale and adjusted its concentration by UV visible spectrophotometry at a concentration of 10(6)ml-1. The extracts were evaluated in quintuplicate in seven concentrations: from 4 up to 0.0625mg.mL-1. The sensitivity of microbial isolates was determined using the disk diffusion and the results that showed inhibition halos corresponding to values from 15mm were considered susceptible. The results were evaluated by ANOVA, Tukey test 5 percent using the SISVAR 5.3-DEX/UFLA. Additionally the extract was assessed as for the antioxidant activity, content of phenols and total flavonoids. The extract was diluted into seven concentrations: 25-1.000µg.mL-1, and evaluated in triplicate. The bacterial growth was inhibited starting from the concentration of 4 mg.mL-1 and antioxidant activity was observed from 50µg.mL-1, with values corresponding to 4.62 percent reaching the plateau of 64.90 percent at a concentration of 500µg.mL-1. In evaluating the radical scavenging activity, using the free radical DPPH, the extract demonstrated antioxidant activity (IC50 percent= 378.80µg/mL). However it has not been possible to correlate the antioxidant activity with the levels of phenols and flavonoids. Perhaps the presence of other substances alkaloids and tannins present in the extracts may have been responsible for the antioxidant activity found. It was concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum Linn. has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus spp., demonstrating potential benefit for the control of bovine mastitis.

Formulación de cápsulas duras de Tamarindus indica L / Formulation of hard capsules from Tamarindus indica L

OBJETIVO: formular cápsulas duras a partir de extracto blando de Tamarindus indica L. MÉTODOS: se seleccionaron las cantidades de los excipientes lactosa monohidratada, almidón de maíz y dióxido de silicio coloidal (Aerosil®), utilizando un diseño factorial 23. Se seleccionó para envasar en cápsulas, el granulado con mejor fluidez y menor humedad residual. Se evaluó la calidad de las cápsulas duras. RESULTADOS: la formulación escogida fue lactosa monohidratada 35,0 g, Aerosil® 3,0 g y almidón de maíz 7,5 g, pues mostró buena fluidez y una humedad residual de 4,17 por ciento. Las cápsulas duras formuladas, presentaron buena calidad tecnológica. CONCLUSIONES: se obtuvieron cápsulas duras que pueden ser preparadas, a pequeña escala, a nivel dispensarial(AU)

OBJECTIVE: to formulate hard capsules from Tamarindus indica L. soft extract. METHODS: the amounst of the exicipients called lactose monohydrate, corn starch and colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil®) were selected, using a 23 full factorial design. The selection of the best formulation was based on the best rheological properties and the least residual humidity. The quality of the filled hard capsules was evaluated. RESULTS: the formulation containing lactose monohydrate 35.0 g, Aerosil® 3.0 g and corn starch 7.5 g was selected. This formulation showed good fluidity and 4.17 percent residual humidity. Hard capsules showed good technological quality. CONCLUSIONS: hard capsules that can be prepared at small-scale production dispensaries(AU)

Comparative Study of In Vitro Inhibitory Effects of UVC, Terbinafine Hydrochloride 1% and Paeonia Natural Extracts on Trichophyton rubrum / 대한의진균학회지

BACKGROUND: Trichophyton(T.) rubrum is most common fungal pathogen that causes tinea pedis and onychomycosis. It recurrently infects human and usually persists for very long time, provoking public health concern. Due to the limitation in current treatment options, alternative therapies are desirable. We investigated the inhibitory effect of UVC, terbinafine hydrochloride 1% and paeonia natural extracts on T. rubrum in vitro. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: Total 25 T. rubrum strains were cultured for 10 days on Mycosel agar plate; 5 strains of T. rubrum and 5 copies for each strain. They were divided into 5 groups: control, UVC irradiation, terbinafine spray, paeonia natural extracts spray, UVC and paeonia natural extracts sprays. The cultured media were irradiated for 1 hour daily for 3 weeks in the germicidal lamp emitting 253.7 nm (UVC), power of 2.875 mW/cm2 at 10 cm distance. Terbinafine and paeonia extracts was sprayed twice on the surface to fully cover the colony area. The median diameter of each colony were measured every other day for 3 weeks. The change of colony diameter and the growth rate were analyzed. RESULTS: The UVC had virtually no effect on restraining the growth of T. rubrum, similar with the growth of the control group. However, both the terbinafine spray and paeonia extracts slowed down the growth rate remarkably and showed a similar effect. CONCLUSION: We could only figure out the fungistatic effect, and not the fungicidal effect of paeonia extract and terbinafine hydrochloride in vitro. UVC irradiation setting in this study was totally ineffective. More studies are needed on more variable wavelength and the fluence of UVC irradiation. In addition, further verification on the mechanism and the effect of anti-fungal activity by paeonia extracts are needed.

Evaluation of dimethylthiazol diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and propidium iodide inclusion assays for the evaluation of cell viability by flow cytometry.

The natural products are widely used in many fields as pharmaceutical, flavor, industrial, and additive compounds. In many cases, there is a need to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of these products and to determine the non cytotoxic concentration at which they can be used in a safe manner. The objective of the present study was to compare two methods of evaluation the cytotoxic effect of a plant extract. The MTT assay and the PI dye-inclusion assay were used to carry out the experiments. The results were then evaluated by calorimetric and flow cytometry assays. The obtained results showed that a clear difference between the two methods and the cell death using the MTT assay seem to be overestimated. To better evaluate the cytotoxic effect of natural product, we need to carry out several in vitro and in vivo tests before the judgment that a compound is safe to use and at which concentration.

Inhibitory Effects of Corni Fructus Extract on Angiogenesis and Adipogenesis

Natural products in Chonnam, Korea were screened via anti-angiogenesis experiments, and 1 candidate product was identified, Corni fructus, which exerted dose-dependent inhibitory effects against angiogenesis, adipogenesis, and cell adhesion. C. fructus extract (CFE) exhibits an angiogenesis inhibitory effect superior to that of the EGCG from green tea leaves. The expression level of angiogenesis and adipogenesis-related signal molecules in the western blotting was reduced by increasing the amount of added CFE. Moreover, a diet supplemented with CFE was deemed more effective in inducing weight loss in LB mice than a representative synthetic diet drug, orlistat, which incidently caused the side effect of denuding the mice of their hair. These results indicate that C. fructus may prove to be a useful anti-adipogenic compound, and these in vitro results may be reflected later under in vivo conditions.

Control in vitro de garrapatas (Boophilus microplus; Acari: Ixodidae) mediante extractos vegetales / Control in vitro tick (Boophilus microplus; Acari: Ixodidae) through plant extracts

Control in vitro tick (Boophilus microplus; Acari: Ixodidae) through plant extracts. Hydro-alcohol extracts of ten tropical plants were tested by the immersion method on mature ticks (Boophilus microplus Canestrini 1887). The biological evaluation was made with raw hydro alcoholic extracts (R-OH) to determine the most promissory compounds, which later were fractioned in their polar and non-polar parts. The polar parts showed a significantly inferior effect. The species that produced the highest mortality were Zizigium aromaticum, Morus alba, Piper nigrum and the mixture of Allium sativum- Z. aromaticum (all non-polar); on oviposition: M. alba, P. nigrum and the mixture of A. sativum - Z. aromaticum (all non-polar); on eclosion: P. nigrum, Z. aromaticum, Echinacea angustiofilia, Poligonum punctatum, M. alba and the mixture of A. sativum-Z. aromaticum (all non-polar): on control percentage: P. nigrum, E. angustifolia, P. punctatum and M. alba (all non-polar, except for M. alba in which both fractions showed important activity); and finally, on the percentage of oviposition inhibition: P. nigrum, E. angustifolia, P. punctatum, Gliricidia sepium and M. alba.

Usando el método de inmersión, probamos el efecto de extractos vegetales hidroalcohólicos de diez plantas tropicales en garrapatas adultas (Boophilus microplus Canestrini 1887). Usamos extractos crudos hidroalcohólicos (R-OH) para determinar los compuestos más promisorios, los que posteriormente se fraccionaron en sus partes polares y no polares. Las particiones polares de los extractos vegetales mostraron un efecto significativamente inferior que las no polares. Las mayores mortalidades se lograron con: Zizygium aromaticum, Morus alba, Piper nigrum y la mezcla de Allium sativum – Z. aromaticum (todos no polares); sobre la oviposición M. alba, P. nigrum y la mezcla de A. sativum–Z. aromaticum (todos no polares); sobre la eclosión P. nigrum, Z. aromaticum, Echinacea angustifolia, Poligonum punctatum, M. alba y la mezcla de A. sativum–Z. aromaticum (todos no polares); sobre el porcentaje de control P. nigrum, E. angustifolia, P. punctatum y M. alba (todos no polares, con excepción de M. alba en el cual ambas fracciones mostraron actividad importante); sobre el porcentaje de inhibición de la oviposición P. nigrum, E. angustifolia, P. punctatum, Gliricidia sepium y M. alba.

The effect of zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extracts mixture on the rat calvarial defects ; in vivo study of bone regenerative activity / 대한치주과학회지

I. PURPOSE OF STUDY: Zea Mays L. has been known to be effective for improving periodontal health and Magnoliae cortex to have effective antibacterial and antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. The purpose of this study was to examine the biologic effects of Zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extract mixtures on healing of rat calvarial bone defects. II. MATERIALS & METHODS: 8mm circular defects were prepared on rat calvaria during surgical procedures of 180 Sprague-Dawley rats. The ethanolic extracts of Magnoliae cortex and Zea Mays L. and these two natural extract 1:1 and 2:1 (Magnoliae: Zea Mays L.) ratio mixtures were oral administrated by oral zondes once a day at two different dose of 94.5mg/kg, 189mg/kg body weight. There are nine groups of rats in this study: control group (no sample loading), Magnoliae cortex extract loading groups (I,II)(94.5mg/kg,189mg/kg respectively), Zea Mays L. extract loading groups (I,II), M:Z(1:1) loading groups (I,II), M:Z(2:1) loading groups(I,II). Rats were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 6 weeks after surgery. New bone formations around calvarial defects were radiographically and histologically measured by computer- assisted histomorphometry. Each data was statistically analyzed by One-way ANOVA test. III. RESULTS: There were statistical significances between negative control group and the other test groups on radiographical and histological quantitative assessments. Among test groups, mixture groups showed statistical significances, especially, M:Z (2:1) groups (I and II) were highly significant.(p<0.05) These results implicated that the mixture of Magnoliae and Zea Mays L. (2:1 mixing ratio) with 94.5mg/kg concentration might be highly effective on the wound healing of bony defected site and have potential possibilities as a useful drug to promote bone tissue regeneration.

Antimicorbial effect of Zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extract mixtures on periodontal pathogen and effect on human gingival fibroblast cellular activity / 대한치주과학회지

Zea Mays L. has been known to be effective for improving tissue health and Magnoliae cortex to have effective antibacterial and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microbes. The purpose of this study was to examine the antimicrobial effects of Zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extract mixtures on periodontal pathogens(Prevotella intermedia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans )and to examine the effects on human gingival fibroblast cellular activity. Zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extracts and their mixtures were prepared with various mixing ratios (0.5:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1). These extracts were loaded to periodontal pathogen cultured petri dish for antimicrobial test and also loaded to cultured human gingival fibroblast for cellular activity test. Each test was repeated 3 times and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with 95% confidence level. Mixture of these two extracts showed greater amount of inhibition area on periodontal pathogen and more improved gingival fibroblast activity as Zea Mays L. ratio reduced. So, mixture ratio 0.5:1 (Zea Mays L. : Magnoliae cortex) group showed statistical significance in antimicrobial activity and cellular activity among various mixtures(p<0.05). In conclusion, 0.5:1 (Zea Mays L. : Magnoliae cortex) mixture possessed best gingival fibroblast cellular activity and antimicrobial activity toward periodontal pathogens.

The effects of Magnoliae cortex and Zea Mays L. extract mixtures on experimentally induced periodontitis of beagle dog / 대한치주과학회지

It has been reported that Magnoliae cortex extract has antibacterial and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microbes and Zea Mays L. extract is effective for improving gingival tissue health. The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of Zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extract mixtures through experimental periodontitis induced beagle dog model. Nine beagle dogs with experimentally induced periodontitis were selected. Baseline clinical indices which includes plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival fluid flow rate were recorded and microbial assays were done. Magnoliae cortex and Zea Mays L., mixed at 2:1 ratio in 105mg capsular dosage, were taken by 3 capsule (Group I) or 6 capsule dosages (Group II) three times a day. After 4,8,12 weeks, clinical indices were recorded. All data of clinical indices were compared through one-way ANOVA with 95% confidence level. Clinical indices of group I and II showed significantly better results than those of control group. There were no significant differences between group I and II. In conclusion, it was confirmed that mixture of Magnoliae cortex and Zea Mays L. (mix ratio 2:1) possessed clinical improving effects to periodontitis.

Antibacterial Effects and Cytotoxicity of Crassirhizomae Rhizoma / 대한치주과학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Crassirhzimae rhizoma and its possible use as an oral antiseptics for prevention of periodontitis. Its antibacterial activity against periodontopathic microorganisms including Actinobacillus actiomycetemcomitans, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Actinomyces viscosus, Fusobacterium nucleatumwas evaluated via modified stab culture method. The cytotoxicity against gingival fibroblasts and rat osteoblasts was investigated via [3H]thymidine incorporation and cellular activity was investigated via MTT assay. Chlorhexidine was used as control group. Crassirhizomae rhizoma was prepared at concentrations of 0.2, 0.15, 0.1, 0.05%. Chlorhexidine was also prepared at the same concentration. Crassirhizomae rhizoma showed lower antimicrobial antivity against these microorganism than chlorhexidine, but this difference was not significant. And, Crassirhzomae rhizoma showed more cellular activity and less cytotoxicity than chlorhexidine on human gingival fibrablast and rat osteoblast. This study suggests that Crassirhzomae rhizoma might be a candidate for a safe oral antiseptic for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.